Insights
Thinking Differently Requires Acting Differently
Heard is explicit that independent outcomes require independent processes. He does not run screens, by design. Instead, he focuses deeply on a limited number of sectors, believing that sustained domain expertise allows knowledge to compound over time. This approach is not about efficiency in idea generation, but about depth, recall, and judgment when it matters most. By narrowing this focus, Heard aims to understand businesses, industries, and management teams well enough to distinguish noise from material changes.
Knowing What You Cannot Know Is Part of the Process
Heard stresses the importance of separating what can be quantified from what will never be known. Time spent chasing unknowable variables is not only unproductive; it can lead to impaired decision-making and capital loss. This discipline creates a framework where new information can be evaluated against clearly defined assumptions, rather than emotional reactions to price movement or headlines.
Conviction Is Built Before Capital Is Deployed
Conviction, as described by Heard, is not something developed after a position is initiated. It is built beforehand through extensive preparation, debate, and documentation. Investment theses are written down, challenged internally, and stress-tested before any capital is allocated. Initial position sizes reflect this process. Capital is deployed only once risk/reward is clearly understood and assumptions are explicitly stated. This allows future decisions to be grounded in evidence rather than hindsight.
Documentation Is a Behavioral Advantage
Heard repeatedly highlights the role of written records in improving decision-making. Public Information Books (or PIBs, an internal archive of public company information), internal notes, and living documents create an institutional memory that can be revisited when positions move against expectations. This record-keeping allows the team to trace how conclusions were reached, what was known at the time, and whether new information is/was truly incremental or simply distracting. Writing things down reduces reliance on memory and helps counter confirmation bias.
Disagreement Is a Feature, Not a Flaw
Within Heard Capital, disagreement is encouraged. Team members are expected to challenge assumptions and present opposing views. This structure forces a full examination of both the strengths and weaknesses of an investment before capital is at risk. Heard views this internal tension as essential to better outcomes; learning from people who disagree is a way to strengthen thinking rather than undermine it.
Management Quality Is Evaluated Through Actions, Not Narratives
Heard discusses the importance of the "say-to-do" ratio when assessing management teams; what executives say, what they prioritize, and what they actually execute are compared over time. By tracking consistency between stated goals and observed actions, and by comparing management behavior across peers, Heard seeks to identify leadership teams that remain focused on controllable outcomes rather than reactive storytelling.
Long-Term Investing Requires Alignment With Partners
Long-term investing, as defined by Heard, depends not only on holding periods but on shared expectations with capital partners. Early conversations focus on defining what "long term" means during periods of underperformance, drawdowns, or extended periods of inactivity; clear communication, transparency around mistakes, and data-driven explanations are essential to maintaining trust during uncomfortable periods.
Mistakes Are Studied, Not Ignored
Heard emphasizes that mistakes are documented and analyzed through formal post-mortems. The objective is not to move on quickly, but to understand the behavioral, analytical, or structural reasons behind an error and to build guardrails to prevent repetition. Sell discipline, in particular, is described as both mechanical and judgment-based, with frameworks designed to quantify the capital preserved by difficult decisions.
Core Takeaways
- Independent outcomes require independent processes. Thinking differently is not enough if behavior does not change.
- Clarity around uncertainty matters. Knowing what cannot be known is as important as knowing what can be measured.
- Conviction is earned before investment, not after. Preparation precedes capital deployment.
- Writing things down improves judgment. Documentation strengthens accountability and reduces behavioral errors.
- Disagreement strengthens decisions. Challenging assumptions leads to better risk assessment.
- Management quality is observable. What leaders do over time matters more than what they say in the moment.
- Long-term investing is relational. Alignment and communication with partners are essential during difficult periods.
- Mistakes are inputs, not endpoints. Studying failure is part of protecting capital over time.
Long-term investing is not passive, easy, or reactive. It is deliberate work, done in advance, and reinforced by structure: narrowing opportunity sets to build durable knowledge, writing out and reviewing investment theses to reduce behavioral error, and maintaining discipline when price action diverges from fundamentals. The core idea is simple but demanding: durable outcomes come from clarity, patience, and the willingness to stay aligned with a process when markets test conviction.